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The Song of the Levite |
Notational Systems |
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Psalm 66:4 Psalm 9:2 (9:3 JPS) - of David Psalm 61:8 (61:9 JPS) - of David Psalm 7:17 (7:18 JPS) - of David Psalm 68:4 (68:5 JPS) - of David |
To a non-musician, the above interpretation of these verses might seem very strange and you are probably asking yourself, "How can you play someone's name?" If you are classically trained in music, you may be familiar with the Italian phase soggetto cavato (literally meaning carved theme or subject). In a musical sense, the phrase soggetto cavato refers to a type of compositional device in which the letters of a word or name are mapped to specific tones of a musical alphabet or scale. It is a technique that has been utilized for centuries by composers to come up with new, innovative melodies and themes. For example, during the Renaissance period it was a common practice for composers to honor their patrons, rulers, etc. by composing musical works using the letters of their names as the source for the themes (melodies) used in their compositions. A few examples of the composers who utilized this type of compositional device include:
| Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) - Art of Fugue, ca
. 1750 Robert Schumann (1810-1856) - Carnival, Op. 9, ca . 1834 Franz Liszt (1811-1886) - Fantasie und Fuge über das Thema B-A-C-H, ca . 1855 |
To get an idea of how this type of compositional device works in a practical situation, let's assume we want to write a simple song for three of our friends: Gabe, Deb and Abe and we can only use the white keys on the piano for the song (i.e., the 7 natural tones A - B - C - D - E - F - G). As each letter of their names maps directly to one of these tones, we can simply make up a melody using the tones A -B - D - E - G.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | etc. | |
| 7-tone scale: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||||||||
| Gabe | G | A | B | E | |||||||||||
| Deb | D | E | B | ||||||||||||
| Abe | A | B | E |
The Ballad of Gabe, Deb and Abe

From the Hebrew texts, David,
who was directly attributed as the author of four of the five
instances in which this technique was alluded to in the
Scriptures, was apparently familiar with this type of
compositional device. This single long, lost secret proved to be
one of the keys used to unlock the musical system employed by the
Levites. This compositional device of David literally enabled the
Levite musicians and singers to not only "sing the Name
of God," but also "to play the Name of
God" as the Scriptures state.
If this indeed is the case, there
must therefore be some type of correlation and mapping
possible between the Name of God and the tones of some
type of musical scale. At first glance, there does not appear to
have any logical relationship or possible interface between these
two languages (i.e., the written language and the language of
music). In the written Hebrew we have twenty-two basic
letters in the alephbet and in the language of music we
have twelve basic tones - 22 into 12 does not quite work...
The first clue to unraveling this
mystery occurred by expanding the base of possible tones to be
mapped. In our traditional Western musical system we use
the basic twelve tone, equal tempered scale below. It forms the
basis for 99.99% of all music that is and has been composed,
sung, and performed for centuries. These are the notes playable
on a guitar, a piano and in fact most instruments we use in our
time.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | ||
| A | A# | B | C | C# | D | D# | E | F | F# | G | G# | A | etc. |
| [Bb] | [Db] | [Eb] | [Gb] | [Ab] | |||||||||
| (bracketed [ ] names are
enharmonic equivalents of the tones above e.g., A# and Bb are different names for the same note) |
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In addition to the use of the
twelve tones of our present musical system, the music of the
Hebrews most likely included the use of quartertones (i.e.,
the tones that occur in-between the twelve tones above]. This
is borne out by the fact that many of the melodies and ethnic
songs of the Oriental culture that have been passed down orally
through the generations and that are still in use by some
communities today utilize quarter-tones [1.].
ascending twenty-four tone quartertone scale

(quartertones are shown above with small note heads)
|
The Song of the Levite |
Notational Systems |